Rhetorical Analysis Of Here s Why Suspensions Won Not...

Rhetorical Strategies in â€Å"Here s Why Suspensions Won t Deter PED Users Like Maria Sharapova† The use of PED (performance-enhancing drugs) is always a popular topic especially since the Olympic game passed by. Author Zach Petersel’s article: Here s Why Suspensions Won t Deter PED Users Like Maria Sharapova claims that punishment for taking PED is incremental, while the benefits are exponential. After carefully reading the article, I think the article would be great to be printed in the Shorthorn of the University of Arlington. First of all, Zach made a clear and strong claim. He also builds his credibility by using one of the most famous cases that happened on the famous athletics to make the article, and he addresses an issue that lots of the college student will be interest in. In the article, the author, Zach claims that suspensions will not deter PED users like Maria Sharapova. Zach reasons that although the highest-paid female athlete Sharapova received a suspension of about a year because of her use of PED, she still owns some sponsorships and aids, and her net worth is about $125 million a year. Sharapova’ reputation might be untarnished because of her play to the public. Zach states that the behaviors like Sharapova’s will cause a negative effect to the society and we need to find a way to solve this problem. The article would be great to many of the readers and highly recommend it to be published in the Shorthorn because first of all, this article is coherent

Mr. Sun Free Essays

Module Code: PM002 Class/Group: Group C Module Title: Research Design and Critique Assessment: Full Research Proposal Assignment Title: An investigation into the factors that influence the Glaswegian public’s choice of car. Student ID Number: 2059626 Date of Submission: November 29th, 2012 An investigation into the factors that influence the Glaswegian public’s choice of car. Rationale The number of automobiles had risen to over 1 billion vehicles all the world in 2010, which is 20 times more than this number in 1986(Sousanis, John,2011). We will write a custom essay sample on Mr. Sun or any similar topic only for you Order Now Car plays a indispensable role in today’s society, according to a survey from World Bank(2011), the number of ownership of motor vehicles per 1,000 people is more than 500 in most of developing countries, especially for Monaco, the number was 908(World Bank Data,2009). Although cars have become more and more commonplace, but the cars are still expensive commodity, also there is no doubt that the final decisions are usually made after careful consideration when people purchasing a car(Kathuria, Singla,2012). At the same time, as the vehicle types supplied to be chosen by consumers have become more and more various. When consumer facing with abundant of choices, they become more and more confused and irresolute. With the segmentation of automobile market, the factors that affect the public’ car choices are more and more diversified. According to Couton et al. (2006), various studies have applied hedonic price modeling to show that price variation among new cars can be explained by differences in key product characteristics such as horsepower, engine capacity, speed, and safety features. However, these measurable variables may not be the main explanatory factors which will influence the choice of consumers. Based on the above mentioned content, this research will focus on the decisive factors which will impact the public’s final choice of car, especially in the Glasgow area due to investigations and studies in the field will be carried out and conducted in this city. Its results would probably benefit to car dealers and consumers. Especially for car manufacturers, they can according to consumer preferences to redesign and improve vehicles to gain better market performance. 1. What are the choices the public have when buying a car? 2. What are the main factors influencing public’s choices? . What variables affect these factors? Annotate Bibliography Banerjee,S. (2010) ,Study on Consumer Buying Behavior During Purchase of a Second Car , Journal of Marketing Communication ,6 (2),4-13. This essay describes that for different types of automobiles, the main factors affect consumer’s purchase is slightly different in choosing a particular brand is always based on the diff erent set of consumers towards various preference parameter. For different market segments of vehicle, dimensions are different. A successful car brand has had to accept and adopt these dimensions. In addition, the author also pointed out that there are many common factors influence the public’s choice between consumers to buying a second car and purchasing the first one, but there are some obvious differences between them. For example, functional level factor such as car efficacy and usefulness are main concerns for second car buyers. Moreover, this article also mentioned that a high level of investment in advertising and promotional activities may not be able to guarantee a high percentage of repeat purchase. However, a long-term stable customer relationship will probably increase the probability of second time purchase. This journal is effectively to analysis interrelationship between consumer’s first car and second car, and common facts which seem to influence the public’s purchase behavior. The survey uses a probability sampling approach conducted with the passenger car owners in India with 525 samples. However, in this article, the author does not mention the relationship and importance between satisfaction of customers on the second-hand value of the first car and loyalty for choosing the second-hand car, because a high level of satisfaction, may bring referral and repeat purchase. Randol E. Bucklin, S. Siddarth, Jorge M. Silva-Risso,(2008), â€Å"Distribution Intensity and New Car Choice†,JOURNAL OF MARKETING RESEARCH, Vol. XLV, 473-496. This journal demonstrate that the relationship between 4S shops distribution intensity of cars and brand new car buyers’ choices in the U. S. automobile market. Different from price, effect of advertising, promotional activities and other factors, distribution intensity changes relatively slow, but the distribution intensity will be affected some variables, thereby might affect decisions of consumers buying cars. Additionally, this article used information on the U. S car sales transactions gave by the Power Information Network, which included the accurate geographic locations of consumers and dealers. Non-probability sampling method was used in 55 4S shops as a samples. Dealer accessibility, dealer concentration and dealer spread would determine distribution intensity and then will largely affect the choice of the people for the car brands. This journal is relevant to the topic of this research, firstly it provides information about what factors will influence the public’s choice of car, secondly it shows how the three main variables influence the distribution intensity of each brand, so that influence the public’s choice of car. However, this study focuses on only the distribution intensity about car dealers, makes no attempt to differentiate between various different types of car, and the conclusion might not suitable for the niche car brands. Beside this, the author might overlook the fact that distribution intensity ontributes to high-end car brands. Dharmaraj,C. , Clement,S. J. ,(2010). Brand Preference Factors of Passenger Cars: An Empirical Assessment, Indiana University Press, The IUP Journal of Brand Management, 7(3),19-33. This article mainly analyzes the factors which will influence consumer’s automotive brand preference. According to the author’s study, performance of passenger ca rs are considered as the most important factor which might dominate consumer’s preference, especially for male consumers, but economic abilities are the bases of the preference. In addition, the marketing communication strategy of a car will also largely affect the overall decisions of consumers. In conclusion, the comprehensive strength of a car, such as safety factor, industrial design, stability, scientific and technological content, durability, daily use cost, re-sale value , fuel consumption, comforts and so on, each of them is factor influence people ‘s preference and choice of car. This study is highly relevant to the topic of this research and demonstrates most of factors that will influent consumer purchase preference comprehensively and systematically. Although this survey collected data using questionnaires from 712 car buyers/owners by simple random sampling, there is not any variables about the respondents are addressed. In addition, the author offers no explanation for the distinction between Indian car market and developed countries’ market, the simple random sampling method was conducted in a midsize Indian city. Therefore, it is slightly possible that the survey result might not apply for city of Glasgow. Baltas,G. , Saridakis,G. 2009),†Brand-name effects, segment differences, and product characteristics: an integrated model of the car market†, Journal of Product Brand Management, 18(2), 143 –-151. This article discusses that price of car is a main factor influence the public’s choice, and the price structure of new car market is determined by automobile characteristics, brand effects, and segment differences. A hedonic price experimental model is designed and implemented that includes brand -name heterogeneity and functional characteristics. In addition, another extensive dataset model is applied to support the brand effects and hypotheses of segment differences. According to these two models, in mainstream car market, the functional characteristics determines automobile prices largely , however in high-end car market, incremental value is added to a car because its brand value , so the connotation of the brand value decide the price of prestige brands cars in large extent. The findings of this article include relevant information to this research. Firstly, it is a great probability that price of car is one of key facts which influence the public’s choice. This article demonstrates that there are at least three reasons determine the structure of automobile prices, and analyzes the variables and decisive factors of prices in mainstream segments and high-end segments respectively. However, the research focuses on many of the variables affecting the price of car and does not take into account other factors such as the industrial design of a car and the impact of marketing strategies. At the same time, mentioned in the text, the implicit brand value will affect car prices, thereby affecting consumer’s choice, but it is possible that the brand price is difficult to be quantified accurately. Kathuria,L. M. , Singla,V. ,(2012) Purchase of Pre-Owned Small Cars in India: An Exploratory Study, The IUP Journal of Marketing Management, 11(2),63-75. This study highlights that the main factors impacting the buying choice of second hand small vehicle were purchasing power constraint, high cost-effective, improve driving skills, desire for car , high resale price, good quality of after-sales service, brand public praise and easy to maintenance. Additionally, families who want to buy new four-wheelers to replace old two-wheelers should be seen as a new market segment might be targeted for selling cars. This article contributes to understand different and similar factors between people buying a new small car and pre-owned car. Nevertheless, the article was just focus on small vehicle with a specification requirements of length? 4 meters and with an engine displacement? 1,500 cubic centimeters (cc) for diesel and petrol, therefore, the universality of the research results might have certain limitations. Methodology As can be seen from previous studies and related sources, the factors affecting people’s choice can be divided into two parts to analysis respectively. The one part is factors that influence people to buy a new car and the other is factors that influence people to choose a used car. Moreover, the new car dealers and used car markets are also often separated. Therefore, an explanatory study to illustrate the relationship between the consumer preferences and purchase factors by using a quantitative method is essential. In addition , the relationship between these two parts, as well as the positive and negative effects of factors of two parts would be explored with exploratory study concluded by a qualitative method. In modern societies, the number of car owners is very numerous, so within a short period of time to collect the data information from a large population base which is very important and not very easy. Although a case study strategy could be used to explore a contemporary phenomenon in its real life context, but it may take more time and lack breadth which makes it hard to generalize results (Saunders et al. 2009: 141-154). Beside this, survey data usually comes from standardizing academic investigating behaviors and tools, so that might make results more authoritative and reliable. Therefore, survey is a suitable research strategy for this research. According to Bryman (2012) points out that â€Å"quantitative research may sometimes be untrusted because the data can be artificial and spurious†. Because of there is a very numerous number of car owners, so a non-probability sampling would be used in this research. As here are almost 700,000 people who lived in the city of Glasgow, that means the sample size might bigger, a questionnaire is a data collection technique in which each person responds to the same set of questions, so questionnaire is more suitable for this research. Although the non-standardised interviews as a method is good for demonstrating the reasons for the decisions and attitudes of research participants (Saunders et al. 2009, 361), it would take too much time, also human and material resources. Ethic issues are defined as a situation or problem that needs people or organization to make a choice between options that must be evaluated as wrong (unethical) or right (ethical)(Business Dictionary,2012). According to the British Sociological Association(2004:2), the social research projects are designed and conducted, ethical issues are necessary to be taken into consideration. In this research, the non-maleficence which contains physical and indirect harm is the cornerstone of all the ethical issues in the research (Saunders, el at. 2007: 181). In addition, the violation personal privacy and the protection of confidentiality may be the potential ethical issues. Maximum extent to avoid the occurrence of these ethical concerns, before the implementation of the access section of research, questionnaire participants will be informed: firstly,the purpose of this research, their participation is valuable, the results of the research may contribute to R D and sales of new cars so that they can have a more suitable vehicle and a better car user experience; Secondly, respondents participate in this research follow the principles of voluntary and informed consent, whenever and wherever they can withdraw(Saunders et al, 2009:193); Thirdly, participants do not have to worry about their personal information will be faced with rick of leakage, because the questionnaire are anonymous. In addition, as car is a expensive commodity, questions on questionnaire about personal income and household economic situation of participants should be avoided, so as not to violate their privacy. Beside this, most of purchase of cars are family behavior, taking into account the special circumstances of some families, such as divorce, therefore the marriage status should avoid being asked, so as not to cause discomfort of participants. As Golafshani(2003:598) points out that the reliability is to ensure the consistency of research data collection and analysis. The risk of collecting data may do harmful to research reliability mainly relies on participants. According to Bell(2010:151), participants may finish the questionnaires inaccurately because of many reasons such as bad mood or time limited. If the participants are too excited or in a hurry, there is a small possibility that they fill the questionnaire patiently that would result in the data lacking of reliability, thereby affecting the consistency of collecting data. To solve this problem, use of internet-mediated questionnaires may be more effective, because of the respondents could complete the online questionnaire whenever and wherever they would like. The length of the questionnaire and the use of professional vocabulary may also are potential factors which may influence the research reliability. Advice from Bellk(2006:325), questionnaire is designed no more than two pages may contribute to increasing the quality and completeness. In addition, there are many specialized vocabulary in automotive sector, such as turbocharged and dual-rotor engine, that would confused participants. Therefore, common and usual words should be used as far as possible. According to cook and campbell(1979), the validity is defined as â€Å"best available approximation to the truth or falsity of a given inference, proposition or conclusion†. Firstly, The non-probability sampling will be applied in this research, due to the characteristics of this method, the non-probability sampling will cause a certain threat to validity. Moreover, in the process of collecting data, there is possibility that the instrumentation may change so that influencing the results of this research. Word Count: 2278. References: Andersson, H. (2005), â€Å"The value of safety as revealed in the Swedish car market: an application of the hedonic pricing approach†, The Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Vol. 30 No. 3, pp. 211-39. Baltas,G. , Saridakis,C. (2009), Brand-name effects, segment differences, and product characteristics: an integrated model of the car market, Journal of Product Brand Management, 18(2),pp. 143 –-151. Belk,R. (2006), Handbook of Qualitative Research Methods. Northampton: Edward Elgar. pp. 322. Bell, J. (2010). Doing your research project, 5th edition. Berkshire: Open University Press. pp. 148-152. British Sociological Association,(2004), Statement of Ethical Practice for the Sociological Association. pp. 2-7. Bryman,A. , (2012). Social Research Method, Fourth Edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press Business Dictionary, Ethical Issue, Retrieved 21 November 2012 from http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/ethical-issue. html Couton,C. , Gardes,F. And Thepaut,Y. (1996),Hedonic prices for environmental and safety characteristics and the Akerlof effect in the French car market. Applied Economics Letters, Vol. 3, pp. 435-40. Dharmaraj,C. , Sudhahar, C. J. ,(2010). Brand Preference Factors of Passenger Cars: An Empirical Assessment, Indiana University Press, The IUP Journal of Brand Management, 7(3),pp. 19-33. Golafshani,H. (2003),Understanding Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research,The Qualitative Report, 8(4). PP. 597-607. http://www. nova. edu/ssss/QR/QR8-4/golafshani. pdf Kathuria,L. M. , Singla,V. ,(2012) Purchase of Pre-Owned Small Cars in India: An Exploratory Study, The IUP Journal of Marketing Management. 11(2). pp. 63-75. Reis, H. J. , Silva,S. ,and J. M. C. (2006), Hedonic price indices for new passenger cars in Portugal (1997-2001), Economic Modelling, Vol. 23, pp. 890-908. Randol,E. , Bucklin,S. , and Siddarth, Jorge M. Silva-Risso,(2008), Distribution Intensity and New Car Choice, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 45(3), pp. 473-496. Saunders,M. , Lewis,P. , and Thornhill,A. (2009), Research Methods for Business Students. Fifth Edition. Essex: Prentice Hall. Sousanis, and John,(2011), World Vehicle Population Tops 1 Billion Units, Wards Auto. Retrieved 17 Nov. 2012,From http://wardsauto. com/ar/world_vehicle_population_110815 Banerjee, S. (2010) ,â€Å"Study on Consumer Buying Behavior During Purchase of a Second Car† , Journal of Marketing Communication ,6 (2),pp. 4-13. White, R. (2004), How people buy cars, Admap, February, pp. 15-17. White, R. (2006), Advertising cars, Admap, July/August, pp. 14-15. How to cite Mr. Sun, Papers

Police Subculture free essay sample

Will be writing my research paper on police subculture and how the affects of police subculture impact the body of the law and how it relates to crime. Police subculture is an array of standard procedures and values that rule law enforcers activates in relation to their contractual responsibilities. Police officers were ranked the fifth most stressful job in the world. Since police work is very stressful, police officers have to deal with many hostile individuals in the public and therefore they need to defined styles to handle these unique scenarios. What I will be talking about in my paper is since Alice subculture is so different such as their values, and beliefs police share which sets them apart from other members of society. Overall will be talking about the beliefs Of police subculture psychological cause Of police subculture, changing police subculture and how police subculture affects our society. Police officers are people the society normally looks up to as epitomes of discipline and protectors of law and order; however police behavior in recent years has been anything but flawless with that being said there is a rise in the resentment and distrust in the public. We will write a custom essay sample on Police Subculture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The public no longer trusts or respects Alice officers imposing all sorts of changes against them. Police behavior is indeed hateful in some cases especially where minorities or women are concerned. When we dig deeper into the anthropological and psychological cause of this kind of behavior, we notice that police are influenced by a flawed subculture that profound affects the attitude and behavior of most police officers.With that being said this subculture teaches them certain values and beliefs and on the other, it turns the entire police community into a cohesive group meaning causing cohesion that is essentially alienated from the mineral public. According to Adler, Mueller, and Loafer (1994) police subculture is a set of norms and values that govern police behavior, brought about by stressful working conditions plus daily interaction with an often hostile public. Police subculture is responsible for giving offers a unique working attitude and mindset.Their character and personality is profoundly altered by the vies and values that they learn from existing in this subculture. The one most important thing we notice about this subculture is the idea of insiders and outsiders that lies at the core of all its values. Police officers are constantly reminded of their role as protectors of peace and order which turns them against the general public as they view everyone outside the police department as a potential criminal or suspect.Police subculture is also essentially characterized by violence as researched indicates that, Many officers are exposed to a subculture of violence in which they encounter death almost daily. The aver age citizen generally does not witness in a lifetime the amount of death and violence a police officer experiences in one month. (violent, 1995) Dry. James Fee, a very well known figure in the world of law education and law enforcement intensified some key issues regarding police sodbuster during a police conference in April 1992.He believed that characteristics of the police subculture may be responsible for some of the apparent increase in the frequency of police complaints. He stated that many police officers feel they are soldiers in the war on crime. Fee said that this is a war they cannot win, and the realization of this leads to frustration and anger. (Eric Jackson 992) Police officers are severely affected by the values that this subculture remotes and endorses. For instance, police officers are usually alienated from the general society which puts them at a greater risk of being vulnerable to police subculture. This is because they are regularly reminded of the insider/outsider principle meaning giving rise to certain degree of separation from the public. This separation starts expanding with the passage of time until police officers cannot longer relate to the Common society this results in deeper association with police subculture, which ultimately shapes their perspective on others. Another reason they cannot relate to the public is cause of the accusations that are imposed against them.The public usually treats then with disgust and disrespect, holding them responsible for corruption and plagues police departments and for general lawlessness in the society. FRR this reason, police officers seeks validation from other police personnel, which makes the inner subculture more effective and powerful. (Christopher Cooper,2000) Violent(1995) explains: The roots of frustration emanate from the central irony of American policing: Society charges police officers with the task of regulation a pub lic that does not want to be regulated.For individual officers, the resulting frustration is exacerbated by a largely unsympathetic press, a lack of community support, and a criminal justice system that values equity over expediency. A sense of societal isolation often ensues, compelling officers to together in a defensive stance. While this occupational subculture should have been a source of inspiration, it is actually despised by many including some police officers themselves alter they realize how it damaged their vision and personality. Most police officers are racial biased as recent incidents of police brutality indicate.This is because of women and minorities are seen as weaker groups and when they refused to obey police commands, police officers see it as a direct attack on their authority. This attitude has given rise to some serious cause of police brutality against citizens and one such case was that of Thomas Jones of Philadelphia. Commenting on this case, a former U. S Marine and police officer Chi roisterer Cooper (2000) linked these kind of cases to police subculture saying Sadly, in our early tenure as cops, we instructed on the code of the police subculture. These are norms that are almost always reverse. Two such norms were operable in the Jones mob attack. The first was if a citizen runs from one of us, we are to beat him severely. Another is that if a citizen physically hurts one of use, we are to hurt that citizen even more before we bring him to the station. And if that citizen has killed a cop, he shouldnt make it to the station alive. The march-ism that characterizes police culture is also responsible for cases of domestic violence where police officers were charged for hitting their wives and using force to extract obedience.This is indeed a highly disturbing tuition, chic is posing serious threat that happiness of households where one spouse is in the police department. It has been noticed that when many police officers are domestic abusers even though they may not define their behavior in these terms. Apart from women and minorities, gay men also face serious prejudice especially if they join the police force. Chairman(1997) writes: As with women, gay men are presumed to lack such manly attributes as courage, bravery, and loyalty. And like women, when they demonstrate courage and competence, they threaten the notion that Only manly men can do police work.

Greek and Roman theatre Essay Example

Greek and Roman theatre Essay Example Greek and Roman theatre Essay Greek and Roman theatre Essay Essay Topic: History Greek Dark ages from 11th 9th century BC. Mycenaean civilisation built during these times. That collapsed and Greek civilisation started. Then more dark ages. Homers Iliad and Odyssey were born out of this time. Roman Decline of Greek government coincided with the rise of the roman republic and subsequent empire. Had emperors and senators but the government didnt pay a huge part in the theatre. Emperors used the amphitheatres more and put on gladiator shows, etc rather than plays. : Why do I personally think this type of theatre emerged according to historical epoch? Greek Worshipped the god Dionysus (Zeus son). They honoured him by holding a festival every winter to bring dead world back to life. Also one in spring to celebrate renewal of life. Very ritualistic with orgiastic dancing by women. This festival started in Attica, north Greece. It was introduced to Athens in 6th century BC by Pesistratus. Theatre was born. Four separate festivals of Dionysus but it was at the city of Dionysia where poet playwrights competed for top prizes. Roman Romans borrowed extensively from Greek theatre and then modified it. They too worshipped gods in festivals Dionysus was not one of their gods but perhaps they used the idea to worship their own gods. Also many Romans had nothing to do and so theatre was needed for entertainment. Treatment of character, plot and language. Greek Chorus and their leader, lines chanted rather than spoken. Used masks and high-soled boots to add height to the actors. Limited movements. Comedies put on at winter festival of god Dionysus and grew more popular during the decline of the Greek government. Tragedies put on at main spring festival. Theatre also used as a place for political debate. Roman Comedies and tragedies, pantomime, myths. Comedies actors wore masks for this. They were usually short, one-act plays put on at the end of longer performances. They were vulgar farces about Italian country life, packed with rude jokes and slapstick. They used a few familiar characters, i.e. Pappus old fool. Manducus greedy clown. Instantly recognised by the mask worn. Pantomime mix of opera and ballet. Plot usually serious taken from Greek myths. Parts of different characters played by one actor with different masks, he was called a Pantomimus, while the chorus sang the lyrics. Actors were usually Greek slaves or freedmen. Costume and staging. Greek Tragic costume tight-sleeved, belted tunic (chitin) a variety of cloaks over tunic and boots. Helmet-like mask with attached wig in which forehead was elevated as a sign of social status. Greek theatres had a circular orchestra. It was built into a hill, not free standing. Also had rooms behind orchestra called the Skene had doors from which actors could go off and come on stage from. Murders usually took place behind closed doors. Tiered seating. A few set pieces of scenery i.e. rocks and tombs. Scenes sometimes painted onto the Skene. Roman Wore masks to show off different characters. Masks made of linen covered wit plaster and painted. Theatre itself semi-circular stage called the orchestra, tiered seating. Series of rooms behind orchestra storage of scenery and props. Actors dressing rooms as well. It was a freestanding building (see pic) Both made use of special effects and machines. Such as a wagon (eccylema) on which bloody tableaux were displayed and a crane on which actors playing gods could be flown in. E.g. in roman theatre, the Greek myth of Daedalus and Icarus was put on in theatre. A slave would be suspended above the orchestra by crane, dropped and killed to show Icarus wings falling apart and him falling into the sea. Conventions that emerged. Roman and Greek Since roman theatre was descended from Greek, conventions are very similar. Both have a chorus, which played music to go with the play. Greek Usually more than one actor all with slightly varied costumes Roman Especially in pantomime one actor that changed masks for different characters. Usually only a couple of actors in different masks in comedies and tragedies. What was theatres social and political function at the time? Greek Entertainment. To inform about history. Put on at festivals. Roman Put on at festivals for entertainment. It was a public occasion and was free. All expenses paid for by a wealthy citizen who provided everything i.e. actors, producer, scenery and costumes. Volunteered to do it not only to benefit fellow citizens but also to gain popularity, which would be useful in local political elections.

10 cosas que debes saber sobre formularios del USCIS

10 cosas que debes saber sobre formularios del USCIS Para ser exitoso en peticiones o solicitudes al Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a   (USCIS) es fundamental llenar correctamente el formulario que corresponda, segà ºn el caso. Para ello, este artà ­culo brinda importante informacià ³n en 10 puntos bsicos sobre quà © se debe hacer, quà © consejos seguir para evitar problemas graves y cà ³mo hacer un seguimiento de los trmites una vez que se envà ­a el formulario.   10 cosas que debes saber sobre los formularios del USCIS 1. Las planillas del USCIS son gratuitas y se pueden obtener directamente en la pgina oficial. Hay decenas de formularios y se debe elegir la correcta, segà ºn el tipo de informacià ³n, peticià ³n o solicitud que se quiere hacer.   En ese enlace anterior se accede a todos los formularios. Para descargarlos es necesario tener adobe reader, el programa que permite abrir archivos pdf. Tambià ©n se pueden buscar por su nombre, que est siempre conformado por una letra o unas letras (AR, EOIR, G, I, N) seguido por un guià ³n y a continuacià ³n un nà ºmero. Dependiendo del formulario en ocasiones es posible realizar el trmite online, por ejemplo, para notificar el cambio de domicilio es posible descargar el formulario AR-11 en forma de archivo pdf o tambià ©n cumplir con esa obligacià ³n directamente por internet. Lo que es importe es no enviar doblemente la misma peticià ³n, una por cada medio. 2. Enviar siempre la à ºltima edicià ³n de la planilla. Frecuentemente el USCIS modifica los formularios cambiando alguna pregunta o requisito. Es muy importante fijarse en la fecha que pone expires (expiracià ³n) en la parte superior derecha del formulario.   El mejor consejo es siempre obtener el formulario justo el dà ­a en que se va a completar y asà ­ evitar enviar uno que ha quedado viejo y, por consiguiente, el USCIS no lo va a aceptar. 3. Las planillas deben llenarse en tinta negra. Adems, deben estar firmadas a mano por el solicitante de la informacià ³n, solicitud o peticià ³n. A este à ºltimo punto existen dos excepciones. En primer lugar cuando se trata de un menor de 14 aà ±os, en cuyo caso debe firmar uno de los padres o guardin legal. En segundo lugar, en el caso de personas declaradas judicialmente como incapacitadas, en cuyo caso debe firmar en su nombre su guardin legal. 4. Es muy importante leer las instrucciones de cà ³mo llenar la planilla ya que allà ­ explican informacià ³n relevante como quà © documentos deben acompaà ±arse al envà ­o el formulario. En este punto hay que tener en cuenta que se envà ­an siempre fotocopias legibles, excepto en los casos en los que expresamente se pide que se envà ­e un documento original. El USCIS puede en cualquier momento solicitar ver dicho documento. Tener en cuenta que si se envà ­a un original, como por ejemplo un pasaporte, el USCIS no lo regresa automticamente y habrà ­a que pedirle el retorno oficialmente con su debido formulario. Adems, si cualquier documento adicional que es necesario adjuntar est en un idioma que no es inglà ©s, debe traducirse a ese idioma e incluirse una carta que certifique la traduccià ³n. 5. Mentir expresamente o mediante un omisià ³n es un formulario migratorio es una violacià ³n migratoria y podrà ­a dar lugar a problemas graves. Antes de caer en la tentacià ³n de mentir, consultar con un abogado reputado y entender bien las consecuencias. 6. La tramitacià ³n de casi todos los formularios del USCIS cuestan dinero, aunque hay algunos que son gratuitos. Adems, es posible solicitar la exencià ³n del pago segà ºn el tipo de formulario y teniendo en cuenta las circunstancias del solicitante. Es importante verificar esta informacià ³n porque podrà ­a dar lugar a importantes ahorros. Por otro lado, tener en cuenta que no tener dinero no es causa razonable para no enviar un documento al USCIS cuando hay obligacià ³n de hacerlo dentro de un plazo. Por ejemplo, si un novio de ciudadana ingresa a Estados Unidos con una visa K-1, se casan antes de 90 dà ­as pero a continuacià ³n no se solicita la green card por ajuste de estatus porque no se tiene dinero para la cuota, ahà ­ hay un problema muy gordo. 7. Cualquier persona puede llenar el formulario del USCIS por sà ­ misma. Lo importante es que entienda todo lo que pide el formulario y las condiciones. No es aconsejable dejarse llevar por el consejo de amigos o familiares o proceder a llenar la planilla cuando no se comprende todo el trmite que se inicia. Por otro lado, si se cuenta con un abogado o un representante acreditado, debe cumplimentarse la planilla G-28. Es importante elegir un buen abogado, honesto, con conocimientos y que està © pendiente de las fechas de los casos y de envà ­o de documentos. Conviene desconfiar de todas las personas que ofrecen milagros o que aseguran conocer a una persona dentro del sistema que resuelve problemas a cambio de dinero. Eso, adems de ser un delito, es un fraude. 8. Completar solo la parte del formulario que aplica. Algunos documentos sirven para situaciones variadas. Es fundamental que cada uno responda y complete sà ³lo la parte que le corresponde. Por ejemplo, el I-131Application for Travel document, sirve como permiso de reentrada a los Estados Unidos para residentes permanentes, como documento de viaje para refugiados y como advance parole para extranjeros que en el momento de solicitarlo se encuentran fà ­sicamente en Estados Unidos.   Por otro lado, otro problema de confusià ³n puede surgir porque no se elige la variedad correcta de planilla segà ºn la peticià ³n que se quiere hacer. Por ejemplo, el I-129 tiene cuatro modalidades, el I-129, el I-129CW, I-129F e I-129S y sirve para propà ³sitos tan dispares como pedir a un trabajador extranjero o solicitar una visa para el prometido de un ciudadano americano. Es importante no solo elegir el formulario correcto sino tambià ©n completar sà ³lo las categorà ­as que aplican al beneficio que se pide. Y dentro de à ©stas, si alguna respuesta es ninguno contestar NONE y si es No Aplica, por ejemplo en el caso de pedir nombre de cà ³nyuges anteriores cuando se trata de una persona que no los ha tenido, escribir N/A. 9. A la hora de enviar el formulario junto con la documentacià ³n de apoyo y el pago de la cuota al lugar que se indica en las instrucciones se da la opcià ³n de un envà ­o por correo ordinario o por servicio de mensajerà ­a. Cualquiera de los dos es vlido pero, en general, da mayor confianza este à ºltimo servicio por deja constancia de la fecha de entrega. Sin embargo, no es necesario ni obligatorio. 10. Es posible hacer un seguimiento de dà ³nde estn los papeles y cà ³mo va la tramitacià ³n a travà ©s de diferentes medios, desde por internet a llamadas por telà ©fono al Servicio al Cliente del USCIS una vez que se tiene el cà ³digo que identifica al caso. A tener en cuenta En una situacià ³n como la actual es importante que los migrantes en situacià ³n de indocumentados no se presenten voluntariamente en ninguna oficina migratoria ni para recabar informacià ³n ni como acompaà ±antes. Si han sido citados es recomendable presentarse con un abogado. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Was Peter Berger right when he changed his views on secularization in Essay

Was Peter Berger right when he changed his views on secularization in the 1990s - Essay Example My paper hence deals with the idea that Peter Berger was right in changing his views on secularization. The paper will also deal with the different ideas that Berger worked with and related to in his studies on religion and secularization. In this context, ideas of modernization, pluralism, supply-side of religion and the rational choice theory as well as the sociological relevance of religion are considered within this paper. Secularization is the lessening of religious influence in a society; it is the loss of religious institution’s authority to dictate to the public the practices required in organized religion. Bryan Wilson talks at length about the need for another force in place of religion in a society that is heading towards or has already adopted secularization. Religion forms the crux for most people in today’s world. The need or presence of religion cannot be ignored in one’s life and it is this presence that has driven scholars from all walks of life to study the effects and consequences of religious presence in our life and to present their view points. Secularization became prominent when religious debate turned towards whether secularization was beneficial or not. For Peter Berger, secularization is, â€Å"the process by which sectors of society and culture are removed from the domination of religious institutions and symbols. It operates at three levels, one is a social structural: in the west, Christian churches have lost functions that are now performed by secular agencies.† (Berger, 1969) To put this idea into simpler terms; the importance of religion in any person’s life is reduced since religion loses its previous stature and place in an individual’s life. Earlier, individuals paid more attention to religious details and believed that religion had to function in cohesion with state policies. This is

Manage health and safety in the workplace Assignment

Manage health and safety in the workplace - Assignment Example This means that the UAE is suffering from poor health and safety practices. However, the UAE ministry of labor law regulated the health and safety act in 1980 and underwent a regulation in 1986. Risk assessments as required by legislation, regulation and organizational Work place safety and health is a framework that cultivates safe habits in all individuals in order to engender a strong safety culture in the workplace. It requires stakeholders to take measures that ensure that individuals at work place are safe and healthy (Oxford Business Group, 2008: 23). The aim of the UAE regulated Act was to push the stakeholders to eliminate or even minimize the risk that result from work related accidents. More so, the acts penalize stakeholders who do not adhere to accident preventing measures. This means that the Act contain laws that oversee the rights of employees because it offers protective equipment guidelines and advocates for first Aid and medical facilities. Health and safety regula tions and legislation and how it is applied in specific work situations Chapter 5 of the UAE Labor Law outlines workers entitlements in terms of protective safety equipment, first-aid boxes, fire procedures, ventilation, water and medical care as well as sanitation (Loney et al, 2012: NP). First he law does not permit industrial and construction workers to work during the extremely hot hours of the day in order to avoid heat related injuries. The law advocated for this relieve because a large proportion of the UAE workforce is usually at risk during the summer months since they develop heat-related illnesses that range from the mild heat rash to the serious heat exhaustion, heat injury, and heat stroke (Kanna, 2011:75). In another note, the Ministry of Labor approximated that 42% of general UAE workforce in 2010 went into the construction industry. The same statistics claim that most of these construction workers work aboveground or at high heights. In this case, the law advocates f or protective wear and height awareness programs, through which it encompasses the media, instructional posters, pamphlets and animated videos that come in different languages several languages. More so, the campaign offer manuals for supervisors and employers that contain detailed technical information that vividly explain how to improve industries into safer working places. Additionally, workers in all sectors are entitled to work two hours less than the normal working hours during the holy month of Ramadan because these individuals during the Ramadan period undergo fasting. This means that most of them might not have the needed energy to work for the required full hours. Practical application of health and safety policies and procedures in the workplace Every organization should put up all necessary measure to foresee the safety of its workforce. This means that managers and supervisors should ensure that they have installed safety instruction board in a place that is noticeable for everyone and all the staff should read it (Hughes and Ferrett, 2009. 35). The instructions should contain understandable languages that depend on the work force. In another case, most industries use machines and other heavy equipments, which mean that they should ensure that